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KMID : 0350519940470010465
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Journal of Catholic Medical College
1994 Volume.47 No. 1 p.465 ~ p.473
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The Effect of Various Water Soluble Contrast Media on Knee Joint Synovium of Rats
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Abstract
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Local signs of irritation in a joint, such as pain, swelling, and functional restriction, are common after arthrography. Morbidity may be caused by a direct toxic effect of the contrast media on the synovium and a fluid influx with subsequent
joint
distension. The purposes of this experimental study were to evaluate the reaction produced by the contrast media in the synovium and the differences existing between conventional ionic and more recently popular nonionic contrast media with lower
osmolarity.
Sixty rats, weighing 200-300 g, were divided into four groups according to injected agents (meglumine/sodium diatrizoate, ioxaglate sodium meglumine, iopromide, and iotrolan). 0.5 ml of contrast medium was injected into the right knee of 15 rats
of
each
group, and 0.5 ml of normal (physiological) saline into the left knee. Five animals in each group were sacrificed at 1 day, 7 days, and 28 days respectively. Both the contrast injected knee and the opposite control saline injected knee were
examined
histologically and graded.
@ES The results were as follows:
@EN 1. Histologic evaluation revealed statistically significant (P<0.05) synovial inflammatory reaction in all cxperimental groups on 1 day, and only in meglumine/sodium diatrizoate group on 7 days after intraarticular injection.
2. Except for meglumine/sodium diatrizoate group which showed statistically insignificant inflammatory reaction(P>0.05), no inflammatory reaction was noted on 28 days after injection.
3. Ionic contrast media showed more severe inflammatory reaction as compared with nonionic contrast media(P<0.05), and of these, iotrolan(low-osmolar nonionic contrast medium) group showed the lowest incidence of inflammatory reaction on the
synovium(P<0.05).
In conclusion, nonionic and lower osmolar contrast media are thought to be less irritant to the joint synovium than ionic and higher osmolar one. Thus, low-osmolar nonionic contrast media may be considered the compounds of choice for
arthrographic
examination with a high incidence of morbidity such as shoulder or temporomandibular joint arthrography, and in patients with inflammatory joint disease.
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